{"id":46270,"date":"2021-06-15T11:23:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-15T17:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/colorado-farmworkers-could-get-easier-access-to-medical-care-under-new-bill-of-rights\/"},"modified":"2021-06-15T17:23:00","modified_gmt":"2021-06-15T17:23:00","slug":"colorado-farmworkers-could-get-easier-access-to-medical-care-under-new-bill-of-rights","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/colorado-farmworkers-could-get-easier-access-to-medical-care-under-new-bill-of-rights\/","title":{"rendered":"Colorado farmworkers could get easier access to medical care under new \u2018bill of rights\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"A
A worker camp in Center, Colorado, where a community health worker says a farmworker feared retaliation for seeking medical attention for a severe allergic reaction in September. (Photo by Esther Honig for KHN)<\/span>cca<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n

By Esther Honig and Rae Ellen Bichell, KHN<\/p>\n

SAN LUIS VALLEY \u2014 A woman with pregnancy complications needed permission from her boss to visit a doctor. Community health volunteers were turned away from delivering food and covid information to worker housing. A farmworker had a serious allergic reaction but was afraid to seek treatment.<\/p>\n

To Nicole Civita, policy director with Colorado advocacy group Project Protect Food Systems Workers, such stories encapsulate an entrenched power dynamic that covid-19 has brought into focus: Farmworkers are \u201cessential but treated as expendable,\u201d including when it comes to accessing health care.<\/p>\n

Her organization is one of many that supported Senate Bill 87, dubbed the Farmworker Bill of Rights. Among its provisions is a requirement that the more than 3,000 Colorado farmworkers who live in employer-provided housing be able to visit, or be visited by, medical professionals and community health workers. Employers must also provide transportation to medical visits for those without vehicles. The bill passed the legislature Tuesday and is now off to the governor.<\/p>\n

States including Florida, Maryland, Oregon and Wisconsin have guaranteed farmworkers the right to see health care providers where they live. The pandemic spurred North Carolina to reiterate that employers cannot bar health care providers from visiting farmworkers living on their property.<\/p>\n

Augusto Basterrechea, who does outreach to farmworkers for the Colorado Department of Labor and Employment in the San Luis Valley, an agricultural hub, said that in his eight years in the role he had never heard of a farmworker being unable to get medical care, even during the pandemic.<\/p>\n

But former farmworker Anita Rodriguez clearly remembers a call she received at 2 a.m. in September, when the harvest was in full swing in the region bordered by snow-capped mountains and known for its high-altitude crops of potatoes, lettuce and spinach. It was from a man working on a farm. \u201cHe was freaking out,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

His body was covered in large red hives and his face was swollen. He could barely open his eyes. He wanted medical attention, she said, but was worried about being caught sneaking out of his employer-provided housing, which is surrounded by tall chain-link fencing, much of it topped with razor wire. A foreman watched over the camp and allowed just three or four workers to leave each day, he told Rodriguez, who volunteers as a community outreach worker and recounted the story to lawmakers in March.<\/p>\n

Amy Kunugi, general manager of Southern Colorado Farms in Center, said that the razor wire is intended to deter break-ins during the off-season and that the farm has never policed employees\u2019 comings and goings. However, COVID protocols had banned visitors unless approved by managers and limited the number of employees who could leave for essential trips at a given time.<\/p>\n

\u201cI\u2019m just kind of gobsmacked,\u201d said Kunugi, who first learned of the story at the March legislative hearing on the bill. She said she hasn\u2019t found any employees who are familiar with the story. \u201cWe always would transport people if they needed health care.\u201d<\/p>\n

Linda Rossi with Fresh Harvest, the company that recruits workers for Kunugi\u2019s farm, added: \u201cThere is no way this allegation has any merit, and if anyone so much as said they had the hiccups last year, we responded.\u201d<\/p>\n

Still, Rodriguez said, this man having a medical emergency on his day off felt scared enough about seeking urgent care that he hatched a plan with her: They waited until later that morning, when he was sure he could sneak out unnoticed. They met at the dollar store down the street, and Rodriguez drove him to an urgent care clinic in the next town over.<\/p>\n

\u201cHe was afraid to get caught because he didn\u2019t want to lose his visa,\u201d she said. \u201cThat\u2019s how he supports his family.\u201d<\/p>\n

After the man received treatment for his severe allergic reaction, she said, they drove back toward the worker housing. He slunk down in his seat and asked that Rodriguez drive by slowly, so that he could make sure the foreman\u2019s car was not outside. Then, she said, he \u201cjumped out of my car like a bat out of hell\u201d and sprinted back inside.<\/p>\n

The U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates the nation has 3.2 million farmworkers, with more than 36,700 in Colorado. Nationally, according to the Department of Labor\u2019s National Agricultural Workers Survey of 2015-16, about 15% of crop workers lived in employer-provided housing, and a little under half said they had health insurance. While about 40% of respondents said they had not used health care services in the U.S. in the previous couple of years, around 87% said they\u2019d needed it.<\/p>\n

About half of crop workers in that survey were undocumented, leaving them vulnerable to abuse and intimidation by their employers. Even those with agricultural work visas can find their movements restricted: The international migrant rights organization Centro de los Derechos del Migrante found that more than a third of 100 workers surveyed in 2019 reported that their employer determined when they could leave their housing or job site.<\/p>\n

\"Center,
Center, is a San Luis Valley town of about 2,200 people, many of whom work on farms growing high-altitude crops of potatoes, lettuce and spinach. The region also has the worst health outcomes in the state, and one-third of children there live in poverty. (Esther Honig for KHN)<\/span>cca<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>

Jenifer Rodriguez, managing attorney with the nonprofit Colorado Legal Services (no relation to Anita Rodriguez), said that, in addition to barriers like lack of health insurance and the cost of treatment, farmworkers are vulnerable to employer retaliation. In her 14 years representing farmworkers in Colorado, she\u2019s spoken to, among others, a sheepherder whose employer wouldn\u2019t give him a ride to a doctor for what turned out to be a brain tumor, and health care providers prevented from entering farm property to visit workers even when they were off the clock. \u201cThere are a lot of employers that deny them access to do that,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

Growers balked at the Farmworker Bill of Rights, primarily over its requirement to provide overtime pay. \u201cThe way it was introduced, it probably would have put the majority of the industry out of business. Literally,\u201d said Marilyn Bay Drake, executive director of the Colorado Fruit and Vegetable Growers Association.<\/p>\n

Drake said members also worry that the medical access provisions could interfere with growers\u2019 ability to follow the federal Food Safety Modernization Act, which includes requirements meant to prevent visitors from introducing foodborne illness to farms.<\/p>\n

At the state Senate hearing in March, some farmers testified they were \u201cembarrassed\u201d and \u201cshaken\u201d to hear stories of worker mistreatment. La Salle potato farmer Harry Strohauer repeated a common refrain: \u201cThere may be a few bad apples in our group, but I don\u2019t see it. None of us have seen it. We believe that we do a good job. We believe we take care of our people.\u201d<\/p>\n

Civita, with Project Protect, finds that argument problematic. \u201cSo often we get stuck, when we\u2019re trying to dismantle structural racism in the law, on who\u2019s a good employer and who\u2019s a bad employer,\u201d she said. \u201cBut even the ones who stack up as good compared to others are really used to maintaining pretty significant power gaps.\u201d<\/p>\n

Civita said those power gaps were institutionalized in the 1930s with two federal laws, the National Labor Relations Act and Fair Labor Standards Act, that promised workers a minimum wage, overtime pay and the right to organize. According to research from Loyola University Chicago, while the measures originally included all workers, a group of Southern congressmen pushed to exclude domestic workers and farmworkers \u2014 positions primarily held then by African Americans.<\/p>\n

At the time, congressional records show, a Florida representative said, \u201cYou cannot put the Negro and the white man on the same basis and get away with it.\u201d<\/p>\n

Nearly a century later, farmworkers in 40 states, including Colorado, still have no right to organize and no more than a handful of states guarantee them overtime pay. Only half of states, including Colorado, require employers to provide workers\u2019 compensation for job injuries. Farmworkers are also excluded from several federal safety standards \u2014 such as ladder safety and falling protections \u2014 even though they work in an industry the U.S. Labor Department considers among the most hazardous.<\/p>\n

Jenifer Rodriguez, the lawyer with Colorado Legal Services, points to an undocumented Colorado dairy worker who recently died when the tractor he was driving fell into a manure pit that reportedly had no guardrails. Rodriguez hopes the right to organize would help workers advocate for health and safety measures to prevent such tragedies. \u201cPeople just aren\u2019t willing to step up and do it because, you know, fear of losing their job.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"An
An undocumented farmworker, who asked that her name not be used, says that because she lived in employer-provided housing on a Colorado potato farm and monitored the farm\u2019s irrigation system she had to ask for permission to go to every doctor\u2019s appointment when she started having complications with her pregnancy. \u201cIt wasn\u2019t fair, but we relied on our jobs because we were living in farm housing,\u201d she says. (Esther Honig for KHN)<\/span>cca<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>

A farmworker who asked that her name not be used because she\u2019s undocumented and fears deportation if her identity is revealed told KHN she had been working for a potato producer in the San Luis Valley for 10 years when she became pregnant.<\/p>\n

\u201cThat\u2019s when everything changed,\u201d she said in Spanish. \u201cThey were annoyed.\u201d<\/p>\n

Because she lived in employer-provided housing, she said, she had to ask for permission to go to every doctor\u2019s appointment, even when she started having complications with the pregnancy. \u201cIt wasn\u2019t fair, but we relied on our jobs because we were living in farm housing,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

On a winter morning, she went into labor. As her husband drove her to the hospital, he called his supervisor, who told him he was expected at work by noon. \u201cObviously he couldn\u2019t,\u201d she said. \u201cI was in labor for 12 hours.\u201d<\/p>\n

When her husband reported back the following workday, he was scolded for missing work. Within a week, they were both fired.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe were left without work, and we were left without a home with a newborn baby,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

She doubts the new bill would change conditions for workers like her.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe companies are going to do everything possible to fight,\u201d she said. \u201cThey don\u2019t care if you have problems, if you\u2019re sick or if a parent has died. They\u2019re only interested in the work.\u201d<\/p>\n

Esther Honig and Ray Ellen Bichell report for Kaiser Health News, or KHN, a nonprofit news service covering health issues. It is an editorially independent program of Kaiser Family Foundation, or KFF, that is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bill\u2019s backers point to gaps in worker protections that the pandemic spotlighted<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":46271,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[281,431,28,2172,60],"naviga_topic":[],"class_list":["post-46270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-agriculture","tag-business-general","tag-headlines","tag-healthcare-policy","tag-montezuma-county"],"acf":[],"author_name":"dh_admin","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46270","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46270"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46270\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/46271"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46270"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46270"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46270"},{"taxonomy":"naviga_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dh.durangoherald.com\/tj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/naviga_topic?post=46270"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}